Lake Natron

Lake Natron is a mineral-rich soda lake in northern Tanzania, at the border with Kenya. It’s a breeding ground for hundreds of thousands of lesser flamingos, despite the highly alkaline state of the striking red waters. It sits below Ol Doinyo Lengai, a soaring active volcano in the Rift Valley. Trails lead from the lake to the Engero Sero waterfalls, which flow over craggy rocks into a natural pool.

Why visit Lake Natron?

Located in northern Tanzania, near the border with neighboring Kenya, Lake Natron is situated north east of the Ngorongoro Crater. The landscape is dominated by Ol Doinyo Lengai, an active volcano which is just south of Lake Natron.

The lake has a maximum length of 56km and a width of 22km. Lake Natron is primarily fed by the Southern Ewaso Ng’iro River, and by hot springs that are rich in minerals. As water cannot flow out of the lake, evaporation levels are very high, and this leaves behind natron and trona.

The high concentration of natron gives the lake extreme alkaline levels, and it is one of the deadliest lakes on the planet. The surrounding landscape is eerie due to its proximity to a deadly body of water, but it is rich with rare flora and fauna.

Things to do at Lake Natron

Bird watching

This lake is one of the largest breeding sites for these birds in the world. During the breeding season, from November to April, visitors can witness flocks of thousands of flamingos congregating along the shores and in the shallow waters. The lake’s high salinity and alkaline conditions create an environment rich in algae, which serve as the main food source for the flamingos. This unique ecological niche supports a significant population of these vibrant birds. Birdwatchers can also observe other species, such as pelicans and various waders, providing a diverse bird watching experience.

Wildlife Viewing

Wildlife viewing around Lake Natron is diverse, making it an appealing stop on a Tanzania wildlife safari. The area is home to various species, including zebras, wildebeests, and different antelopes. These animals often gather in the nearby grasslands, especially during migration seasons. The contrast between the lake’s seasonal water levels and the surrounding savanna creates a unique ecosystem that supports various wildlife. Additionally, predators such as lions and hyenas may be spotted in the region, particularly near the livestock of local Maasai communities. Guided tours often include wildlife drives or walks, allowing visitors to learn about the ecology and behavior of the animals in their natural habitat.

Cultural Experiences

Experiencing the local Masai culture is a rewarding addition to a Tanzania wildlife safari at Lake Natron. The Masai people have a rich cultural heritage that includes traditional music, dance, and crafts. Visitors can participate in village tours where they learn about Masai customs, such as their unique way of life and livestock management. Traditional dances often feature colorful attire and intricate beadwork, showcasing the community’s artistic skills. Engaging with the Masai allows travelers to gain insights into their values and relationship with the land and wildlife. These cultural interactions contribute to a deeper understanding of the region and its inhabitants.

Swimming in the Hot Springs

Swimming in the natural hot springs near Lake Natron provides a relaxing break during a Tanzania wildlife safari. These hot springs, located a short distance from the lake, have water temperatures that can reach up to 60°C. Visitors often enjoy a rejuvenating soak in the warm waters, which are believed to have therapeutic properties. The springs are surrounded by lush vegetation, creating a tranquil atmosphere for relaxation. The mineral content in the water can be beneficial for the skin, making it a popular spot for both locals and tourists. Accessible paths lead to the springs, ensuring that visitors can enjoy this natural feature comfortably.

Exploring Salt Flats

Exploring the salt flats surrounding Lake Natron is an intriguing activity for those on a Tanzania wildlife safari. These flats are formed from the evaporation of water, leaving behind salt deposits that create unique landscapes, the white crust of salt contrasts sharply with the lake’s colors, providing an interesting visual experience. Walking on the salt flats, visitors can observe various formations and patterns created by the natural processes. The area is also home to various insects and small creatures adapted to the saline environment. This exploration offers opportunities to learn about the ecological significance of salt flats and their role in the local ecosystem.

Hiking to Ol Doinyo Lengai

This active volcano, known to the Maasai as the “Mountain of God,” stands at 2,962 meters and is the only volcano in the world that erupts with natrocarbonatite lava. The hike typically takes about six hours, with routes varying in difficulty. Along the way, hikers may encounter unique flora and fauna, including endemic species adapted to volcanic environments. The summit provides a unique perspective on the surrounding landscape, including views of Lake Natron and the Great Rift Valley. Safety precautions and preparation are essential for this trek.

Where to stay near Lake Natron?

Accommodation near Lake Natron range from basic campsites to lodges. Options include the Ngare Sero Mountain Lodge, offering comfortable amenities and stunning views, and budget-friendly campsites for a more rustic experience. Staying at a lodge allows easy access to nearby attractions and wildlife, while campsites provide a closer connection to nature during your Tanzania wildlife safari. We have cars that are fully equipped for a camping trip.

The best time to visit Lake Natron

The best time to visit Lake Natron is during the dry season from late May to early November since these months are slightly cooler. The area is too hot during the short dry season from December to February.  In August, the flamingos start to gather at the lake and continue to amass until October. Visiting during these months gives you a chance of seeing this spectacular gathering.

The dry season also provides better conditions for hikes in the surrounding area since paths can be treacherous during the wet season.

During the dry season, there is a higher level of evaporation and this increases the salinity of the lake. The increase in the salinity of the lake causes cyanobacteria to multiply at a faster rate, and this gives the lake a richer shade of pink. The cyanobacteria provide food for the flamingos.

How to access Lake Natron?

We recommend that you visit Lake Natron on your return from the Ngorongoro Conservation Area or the Serengeti National Park. The road journey from the Serengeti is long, so you should break up the journey by spending a night at Kleins Gate, an exit point on the edge of Serengeti National Park.

The following morning, you will complete an 8-hour drive to Engaresero. Your accommodation in Engaresero will be your base for your adventures at Lake Natron.

After visiting Lake Natron, you should undertake a 3-hour road journey to Arusha.